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No Free Lunch: The Impossibility of a Universal Learner
There is no algorithm that is best at everything.
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The Manifold Hypothesis: Why Data Lives on a Lower Dimension
High-dimensional data is rarely as vast as it looks.
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Regularization as a Statement of Belief
To regularize a model is to lean on it, gently, in a chosen direction.
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The Bias-Variance Tension at the Heart of Fitting
Every model that fits data faces a pull in two directions.
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Inductive Bias: The Prior That Makes Learning Possible
No learner learns from data alone.
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Generalization and the Difference Between Learning and Memorizing
To learn is to go beyond what one has seen.
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The Measure of Aging and the Prospect of Its Reversal
Aging has long been treated as destiny; it is increasingly treated as a variable.
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Complexity, Tipping Points, and the Fragility of Large Systems
Large systems fail not gradually but suddenly.
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The Genome as Language, and the Limits of the Metaphor
To call the genome a text is irresistible and misleading in equal measure.